Technology Calculators

We are working on building a calculator for every computation life throws at you - from the serious to the whimsical.

.gitignore Builder Tool - Create Custom Ignore Files

Generate tailored .gitignore files for your projects by selecting common templates and combining them with ease.

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3D Printer Filament Drying Time Calculator

Estimate how long a spool of filament needs in a dehydrator to reach a target moisture level.

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3D Printer Filament Usage Estimator - Convert Weight to Length

Estimate how much filament your 3D print will consume by converting model weight to filament length.

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3D Printing Cost Calculator - Estimate Project Expenses

Use our 3D Printing Cost Calculator to estimate material, electricity, and machine costs for your prints. Plan budgets accurately and learn tips for saving money.

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3D Printing Time Estimator - Plan Your Print Duration

Estimate how long a 3D print will take by entering filament length, average print speed, and travel percentage. Learn tips to reduce printing time and optimize settings.

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Active Learning Label Savings Calculator

Estimate labeling effort reductions when using active learning instead of random sampling.

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ADC Quantization Noise Calculator - Bit Resolution and SNR

Estimate voltage resolution, quantization noise, and theoretical SNR for an analog-to-digital converter given its bit depth and full-scale voltage.

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AI Chatbot Response Latency Calculator - Estimate Reply Speed

Predict how quickly your chatbot will respond based on model size, user load, and server latency. Useful for planning infrastructure.

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AI Ethics Compliance Cost Calculator - Budget for Responsible AI

Estimate the cost of performing ethics and fairness audits on your AI projects. Input complexity, auditing hours, rates, and tooling expenses.

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AI Image Generation Cost Calculator - Budget Art with Tokens

Predict the expense of generating images with AI models using token-based pricing.

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AI Inference Energy Cost Calculator - Estimate Electricity Use

Estimate energy consumption, electricity cost, and carbon emissions for running AI inference workloads. Enter token counts, throughput, GPU wattage, and energy price.

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AI Model Obsolescence Timeline Calculator

Estimate how many months remain before an AI model becomes obsolete given rates of compute, algorithmic, and data growth.

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AI Training Compute Cost Calculator - Estimate Training Expense

Estimate compute, time, energy, and electricity cost for training large AI models based on parameters, tokens, and hardware.

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AI Training Data Budget Planner - Calculate Annotation Costs

Estimate labeling and preprocessing expenses when creating a dataset for machine learning projects.

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Air-Fuel Ratio Calculator

Determine air-fuel ratio, lambda, and mixture richness for various fuels using mass flow inputs and stoichiometric references.

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Amdahl's Law Speedup Calculator

Estimate theoretical parallel speedup and efficiency using Amdahl's law for a given parallelizable fraction and processor count.

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API Rate Limit Planner - Avoid Throttling with Smart Scheduling

Plan your request schedule based on provider rate limits. Calculate optimal delay and time to complete large batches.

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API Security Risk Estimator - Assess Exposure

Estimate potential API security risk based on endpoint count, data sensitivity, and authentication strength.

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API Usage Cost Calculator - Estimate Monthly Expenses

Plan your API budget by estimating monthly request costs. Enter rate per thousand calls, daily volume, and days in use.

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Arc Flash Boundary Calculator - Electrical Safety Estimator

Estimate the arc flash boundary distance using fault current, system voltage, and clearing time. Learn how to reduce risk when working on live equipment.

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ASCII Art Generator

Convert text into stylized ASCII art banners using this offline generator.

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ASCII Text Converter - Text to Codes and Back

Convert plain text into ASCII decimal and hexadecimal codes or decode ASCII values back into readable text.

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Aspect Ratio Calculator - Perfect Sizing for Photos and Videos

Compute aspect ratios, resize dimensions, and learn why consistent proportions matter in photography, video production, and design.

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Audio Spectrum Analyzer and Recorder

Analyze your microphone's sound spectrum in real time and record short clips directly in your browser.

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Augmented Reality Furniture Fit Planner - Visualize Room Layouts

Check if your new furniture will fit before you buy. Enter room and item dimensions to calculate remaining space.

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Barcode Generator Tool - Create UPC, EAN, and Code-128 Barcodes

Generate UPC-A, EAN-13, or Code-128 barcodes directly in your browser. Perfect for product labels, inventory, and shipping.

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Base-N Number Converter

Convert numbers between any bases from 2 to 36 using this offline base-N converter.

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Base64 Encoder/Decoder Tool - Convert Text to Base64

Encode or decode Base64 strings effortlessly with this Base64 Encoder/Decoder tool for developers.

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Batch Inference Throughput and Latency Calculator

Estimate latency, throughput, and cost implications of batching requests during LLM inference.

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Battery Charge Time Calculator - Estimate Charging Duration

Quickly estimate how long it takes to fully charge a battery by entering its capacity and charger current. Learn about charge rates, efficiency, and best practices.

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Battery Internal Resistance Calculator

Estimate internal resistance of a battery using open-circuit voltage, load voltage, and load current.

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Battery Life Calculator - Estimate Device Runtime

Predict how long your phone, laptop, or other gadget will run on a single charge using battery capacity and power consumption.

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Battery Pack Configuration Calculator - Series and Parallel Planner

Determine the total voltage, capacity, and energy of a custom battery pack by entering cell specifications and series/parallel counts.

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Beck Depression Inventory-II Calculator - Mood Assessment

Score the Beck Depression Inventory-II questionnaire and interpret severity of depressive symptoms.

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Best Social Media Post Time Calculator

Estimate the optimal time to post on social media by analyzing follower time zones. Includes detailed guide and formulas for maximizing audience engagement.

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Binary Decimal Hex Converter Tool - Translate Between Number Bases

Convert numbers between binary, decimal, hexadecimal, and octal instantly. Ideal for programmers, students, and electronics hobbyists who need a quick base converter.

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Biot Number Calculator

Compute the Biot number to assess the validity of lumped capacitance in transient heat conduction.

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Bitcoin Mining Profitability Calculator - Estimate Mining Returns

Estimate potential bitcoin mining revenue and profit based on hash rate, power usage, electricity price, network difficulty, block reward, and BTC price.

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Bitwise Operator Calculator - AND OR XOR NOT Shift

Perform bitwise AND, OR, XOR, NOT and shift operations on integers with instant binary and hexadecimal output.

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Bluetooth Range Estimator - Predict Wireless Coverage

Estimate the potential range of a Bluetooth connection by entering transmitter power, receiver sensitivity, frequency, and environment.

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Bra Size Calculator - Find Your Perfect Fit

Determine your correct bra size by entering bust and band measurements. Includes detailed explanation of sizing methods, formulae, and a full guide to interpreting the results.

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Braille Translator - Text ↔ Braille

Convert text to Braille and decode Braille back to text using Unicode patterns.

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Buck Converter Calculator - Duty Cycle and Ripple

Estimate duty cycle and inductor ripple current for a basic step-down switching regulator.

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Bug Fix Priority Score Calculator - Streamline Issue Triage

Rate software bugs by severity, user impact and effort. Use this Bug Fix Priority Score Calculator to decide which issues to address first.

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CAGE Alcohol Screening Test - Quick Dependency Check

Answer four yes or no questions to evaluate potential alcohol misuse using the CAGE screening tool.

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Camera Field of View Calculator - Visualize Lens Coverage

Calculate the horizontal and vertical angle of view for any camera and lens combination using sensor size and focal length.

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Capacitive Reactance Calculator - AC Impedance of Capacitors

Compute capacitive reactance from capacitance and frequency, and estimate current for a given voltage in AC circuits.

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Career Skills Gap Analyzer - Identify Development Priorities

Measure the difference between required skills and your current abilities. Plan your professional development with a clear skills gap score.

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Cash Ratio Calculator

Compute the cash ratio to evaluate the strictest measure of a company’s liquidity.

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Cell Tower Range Calculator - Estimate Coverage Distance

Estimate the radio horizon and approximate coverage area for a cellular tower based on tower and device height.

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Chinese Remainder Theorem Calculator - Solve Systems of Congruences

Find an integer solution for simultaneous congruences using the Chinese remainder theorem.

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Cloud API Overrun Forecaster - Avoid Surprise Bills

Predict when your API usage will exceed its budget by modeling growth in call volume.

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Cloud Compute Cost Comparison - AWS vs Azure vs GCP

Estimate monthly virtual machine costs across major cloud providers based on CPU, memory, and runtime.

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Cloud Gaming Bandwidth Cost Calculator - Streaming Data Usage

Estimate data usage and potential internet cost of cloud gaming sessions based on resolution, bitrate, and playtime.

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Coaxial Cable Impedance Calculator

Determine the characteristic impedance of a coaxial transmission line from its conductor diameters and dielectric constant.

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Code Complexity Estimator - Measure Project Maintainability

Estimate the cyclomatic complexity of your codebase by entering function counts and decision points. Understand how maintainable your project is.

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Confusion Matrix Metrics Calculator - Evaluate Classification Models

Compute accuracy, precision, recall and F1 score from true positives, false positives, true negatives and false negatives.

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Container Resource Allocation Calculator - Plan Pod Requirements

Estimate total CPU and memory required for a group of containers. Useful for Kubernetes or Docker deployments.

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Context Window Scaling Cost Calculator

Estimate memory, throughput, and cost impacts when extending transformer context windows.

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Crowdfunding Backer Forecast Calculator - Predict Supporters

Estimate the number of backers your crowdfunding campaign could attract based on daily traffic and conversion rates.

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CSS Border Radius Generator

Visualize and generate CSS border-radius values for each corner with detailed explanations of elliptical curves.

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Cubic Spline Interpolation Calculator - Smooth Curve Fitting

Build a natural cubic spline through a set of data points and evaluate it.

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Current Ratio Calculator

Calculate the current ratio and working capital to assess short-term liquidity.

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Cylinder Volume Calculator - Measure Tanks and Containers

Compute the volume and surface area of a cylinder instantly by entering its radius and height. Perfect for estimating storage tanks, pipes, or any cylindrical object.

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Daily Light Integral Calculator - Plan Optimal Plant Lighting

Estimate the daily light integral (DLI) based on light intensity and hours of exposure. Useful for greenhouse and indoor growers.

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Daily Sugar Intake Tracker - Monitor Added Sugars

Track sugar grams from meals and drinks throughout the day and compare with recommended limits.

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Data Breach Cost Estimator - Evaluate Security Risks

Calculate potential financial losses from a data breach including per-record costs and mitigation expenses.

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Data Center Water Usage Calculator

Estimate annual cooling water consumption and cost for a data center using IT load, water usage effectiveness, hours of operation, recycling rate, and local water pricing.

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Data Parallel Network Overhead Calculator

Estimate communication time and cost overhead for data-parallel training with ring all-reduce.

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Data Size Converter

Convert between bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, terabytes, and petabytes with a client-side data size converter.

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Data Storage Converter - Bits Bytes KB MB GB

Convert digital storage between bits, bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes and more.

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Dataset Annotation Time and Cost Calculator

Estimate workforce requirements, timeline, and budget for labeling datasets with configurable quality review overhead.

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Dataset Deduplication Savings Calculator

Estimate token and cost savings achieved by removing duplicate data from large corpora.

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Differential Privacy Noise Budget Calculator

Estimate per-query noise scales and remaining privacy budget under Laplace or Gaussian mechanisms.

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Digital Archive Bit Rot Risk Calculator

Estimate the probability of data corruption over time from bit rot using storage size, medium type, years of storage, and redundancy copies.

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Digital Art Commission Pricing Calculator - Estimate Fair Rates

Calculate a fair price for digital art commissions by considering hours, materials, and complexity factors.

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Digital Detox Planner - Reduce Your Screen Time

Create a personalized schedule to cut back on daily screen time with this Digital Detox Planner.

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Digital Eye Strain Risk Calculator

Estimate likelihood of computer vision syndrome based on screen time, breaks, brightness, and blue light filtering.

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Digital Nomad Cost-of-Living Comparator - Choose Your Next Base

Compare monthly living expenses between two cities or countries to help digital nomads plan budgets.

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Digital Photo Backup Redundancy Planner

Plan redundant backups for your photo collection using the 3-2-1 rule and estimate storage costs.

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Digital Storage Carbon Footprint Calculator

Estimate annual CO2 emissions from local or cloud data storage.

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Discord Server Boost Cost Calculator - Reach Boost Levels

Estimate how much it costs to reach and maintain Discord server boost levels by entering current boosts and price per boost.

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Document Chunk Overlap Token Overhead Calculator

Estimate token and cost overhead introduced when splitting documents into overlapping chunks for retrieval-augmented generation.

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Download Time Calculator - Estimate File Transfer Duration

Calculate how long a file download will take based on file size and connection speed.

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Drought Severity Calculator - Rainfall Deficit Analysis

Estimate drought severity using monthly rainfall compared with historical averages.

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E-Bike vs Car Emissions Calculator - Greener Commutes

Estimate how much carbon dioxide you can avoid by biking electrically instead of driving.

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Edge vs Cloud Latency Cost Calculator

Compare latency and cost when deploying workloads on edge devices versus cloud servers.

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Electric Vehicle Charger Load Balance Calculator

Evaluate household electrical load when using multiple EV chargers.

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Embedding Index Storage Cost Calculator

Estimate memory footprint and monthly cost of storing vector embeddings.

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Engine Compression Ratio Calculator - Optimize Combustion Efficiency

Determine an engine's static compression ratio from cylinder dimensions and combustion chamber volume.

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EV to EBITDA Ratio Calculator

Estimate enterprise value and its multiple of EBITDA to assess corporate valuation.

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Federated Learning Communication Cost Calculator

Estimate bandwidth consumption and time overhead for federated learning rounds.

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File Transfer Time Calculator - Estimate Upload and Download Durations

Compute how long it will take to move data across a network by entering file size and connection speed. Plan uploads and downloads with this file transfer time calculator.

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Fire Sprinkler Hydraulic Demand Calculator - NFPA 13 Flow and Pressure

Estimate sprinkler system flow and base of riser pressure using the density-area method, sprinkler K-factors and Hazen-Williams friction.

Floating Island Stability Calculator - Design Skyward Realms

Estimate how secure your floating island will be by balancing diameter, altitude, and anchor strength. A playful yet practical tool for dreamers and world-builders.

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Free-Space Path Loss Calculator - Radio Link Budget

Compute free-space path loss for wireless signals based on frequency and distance.

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Frequent Flyer Redemption Calculator - Value Your Miles

Estimate the cash value of airline miles or points when booking flights or upgrades.

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Geographic Midpoint Calculator - Find the Center Between Coordinates

Compute the geographic midpoint for multiple latitude and longitude pairs using a spherical average. Useful for meeting location planning or geographic analysis.

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Ghostly WiFi Interference Predictor - Keep Spirits from Stealing Your Signal

Estimate potential WiFi disruptions caused by paranormal activity based on ghost density, house age, and router placement. A fun tool for haunted homeowners.

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Glasgow Coma Scale Calculator - Assess Consciousness Level

Determine the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score using eye, verbal, and motor responses to quickly gauge traumatic brain injury severity.

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GPU Idle Time Cost Calculator

Estimate financial and energy costs from underutilized GPUs in a computing cluster.

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Gradient Accumulation Batch Size Calculator

Estimate memory usage, throughput impact, and cost when using gradient accumulation to reach large effective batch sizes.

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Gradient Checkpointing Memory Tradeoff Calculator

Estimate memory savings and time overhead when using gradient checkpointing during neural network training.

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Grain Bin Volume Calculator - Estimate Storage Capacity

Determine how many bushels and tons of grain a round bin holds using diameter, grain depth, and type. Calculations run entirely in your browser.

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GraphQL Query Complexity Calculator - Prevent Expensive Calls

Estimate the cost of a GraphQL query by assigning weights and depth. Helps developers cap expensive operations and guard APIs.

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Habitable Zone Exoplanet Calculator - Assess Planetary Orbits

Determine whether an exoplanet lies within the circumstellar habitable zone based on star luminosity and orbital radius.

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Half-Life Decay Calculator - Estimate Remaining Radioactivity

Calculate the remaining amount of a radioactive substance after a given time using its half-life.

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Hash Collision Probability Calculator - Estimate Risks in Cryptographic Hashing

Enter the number of hashes you plan to generate and the bit size of the hash to approximate the probability of a collision using the birthday bound.

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Hazen-Williams Friction Loss Calculator - Water Pipe Design

Estimate head loss in water pipes using the Hazen-Williams equation for flow, diameter, length, and roughness constant.

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Hebrew ↔ Phoenician Translator - Convert Ancient Scripts

Translate Hebrew to Phoenician or Phoenician to Hebrew instantly in your browser. This offline tool preserves privacy and uses a detailed letter mapping for accurate results.

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HEX to RGB Color Converter

Convert hexadecimal color codes to RGB values and back. Learn how digital color models work and explore color representation.

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HIIT Interval Timer - Custom Work and Rest Cycles

Run high intensity interval training sessions with adjustable work and rest periods using this browser-based HIIT timer.

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Holographic Information Capacity Calculator

Compute the maximum number of bits that can be stored within a spherical region according to the holographic principle.

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HOMA-IR Calculator - Assess Insulin Resistance

Estimate your insulin resistance using fasting glucose and insulin levels with the HOMA-IR formula.

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Homelab Server Electricity Cost Calculator - Estimate Power Usage

Calculate the monthly and yearly electricity cost of running home lab servers by entering wattage, quantity, and utility rates.

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Huffman Coding Calculator

Build optimal prefix codes for up to five symbols using the Huffman algorithm. Includes step-by-step explanation and tables.

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HVAC Duct Sizing Calculator - Equal Friction Method

Compute recommended round duct diameter from airflow and friction rate using a simplified equal friction approach.

Hyperparameter Search Budget Calculator

Estimate time and financial cost of exhaustive grid search versus random search for machine learning hyperparameters.

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Inductive Reactance Calculator - AC Circuit Impedance

Calculate the inductive reactance of a coil for a given frequency and inductance. Understand how inductors impede alternating current.

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Inference Autoscaling Cost Calculator

Plan GPU instance counts, cold start latency, and monthly spend when autoscaling inference services.

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International Clothing Size Converter - US, UK, EU

Convert chest and waist measurements into US, UK, and EU clothing sizes with letter equivalents.

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Lagrange Interpolation Calculator - Fit Polynomials to Data Points

Compute the Lagrange interpolating polynomial that passes through a set of points.

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Lagrange Multipliers Calculator - Constrained Optimization

Use Lagrange multipliers to locate extrema of a function subject to an equality constraint.

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Laptop Battery Life Estimator - Predict Runtime from Usage

Estimate how long your laptop battery will last based on capacity, screen brightness, CPU load, and peripheral usage.

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Laser Diffraction Particle Size Calculator - Scattering Angle Method

Estimate particle diameter from laser diffraction patterns using the first minimum relation.

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LC Resonant Frequency Calculator - Tune Circuits

Calculate the resonant frequency of an LC circuit using inductance and capacitance. Understand oscillations in radios, filters, and matching networks.

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LED Strip Power Supply Calculator - Choose the Right Adapter

Calculate the minimum wattage and amperage for your LED strip lighting project by entering strip length and power usage per meter.

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Legendre Polynomial Calculator - Evaluate Orthogonal Polynomials

Compute Legendre polynomials of arbitrary degree and evaluate them at a point.

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Library Late Fee Calculator - Avoid Overdue Surprises

Estimate how much you'll owe in library late fees based on daily charges and the number of days past due. Plan returns or renewals to minimize penalties.

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Lime Requirement Calculator - Adjust Soil pH

Estimate agricultural lime needed to raise soil pH based on current pH, target pH, soil texture, and field size.

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Live Streaming Bandwidth Planner - Avoid Broadcast Dropouts

Estimate the bandwidth you need for live streaming with multiple cameras. Enter bitrates and streaming hours to plan your network.

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Live Streaming Bitrate Calculator - Optimize Video Quality

Calculate the recommended bitrate and upload bandwidth for live video streaming based on resolution, frame rate, and compression.

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LLM Hallucination Risk Calculator

Estimate the likelihood of hallucinations from large language models using temperature, prompt clarity, training coverage, and context length.

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LLM VRAM Requirement Calculator

Estimate the GPU memory needed to run large language models with different precisions and batch settings.

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Logistic Regression Calculator - Fit a Sigmoid Model

Estimate logistic regression parameters using gradient descent for simple data.

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Long Division Calculator - Step-by-Step Quotient and Remainder

Perform integer long division with detailed step-by-step breakdowns. Enter a dividend and divisor to see the quotient, remainder, and each subtraction stage.

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LoRA Fine-Tuning Savings Calculator

Compare memory and cost requirements of full model fine-tuning versus parameter-efficient LoRA adaptation.

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LoRaWAN Sensor Battery Life Calculator - Estimate Deployment Longevity

Estimate how long a LoRaWAN sensor will run by combining battery capacity, transmit current, duty cycle, and sleep draw.

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Lottery Number Generator - Random Picks for Popular Games

Create random lottery ticket numbers for Powerball, Mega Millions, and EuroMillions. Learn about odds, combinations, and responsible play.

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MAC Address Generator - Create Random Device Addresses

Generate random MAC addresses with optional prefixes for testing and networking labs.

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Mastodon Instance Hosting Cost Calculator - Plan Server Budgets

Estimate monthly expenses for running a Mastodon social network instance. Enter user counts, storage, and bandwidth rates to project hosting costs.

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Matrioshka Brain Compute Capacity Calculator

Estimate the computational throughput of a nested shell Matrioshka brain around a star.

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Maximum Flow Calculator - Ford–Fulkerson on a 5×5 Network

Compute the maximum flow between two nodes in a small network using the Edmonds–Karp algorithm.

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Memory Bandwidth Calculator - Estimate Theoretical Throughput

Calculate theoretical memory bandwidth from bus width, clock rate, and data rate type (SDR, DDR, QDR).

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Menstrual Cycle Calculator - Predict Your Next Period and Fertile Window

Estimate your upcoming period, ovulation date, and fertile window using the Menstrual Cycle Calculator. Understand each phase of the cycle with detailed explanations and tables.

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Micronutrient RDA Tracker - Monitor Daily Vitamins and Minerals

Track your intake of key vitamins and minerals and compare against recommended daily allowances.

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Mobile Data Usage Forecast Calculator

Predict your monthly mobile data usage based on daily habits like streaming and browsing. See whether your plan will cover your needs or if you'll face overage fees.

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Model Checkpoint Storage Cost Calculator

Estimate monthly and yearly costs of retaining model checkpoints across training runs.

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Model Distillation Efficiency Calculator

Estimate training cost and inference benefits when distilling a teacher model into a smaller student model.

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Model Ensemble Inference Cost Calculator

Analyze latency and expense of deploying multiple models together in an ensemble for inference.

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Model Evaluation Sample Size Calculator

Estimate the number of labeled examples required to detect accuracy improvements between machine learning models.

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Model Inference Carbon Footprint Calculator

Estimate energy use, emissions, and electricity costs for serving machine learning model inferences.

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Model Pruning Savings Calculator

Estimate memory, latency, and cost savings when pruning neural network parameters.

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Model Quantization Savings Calculator

Approximate memory reductions, latency improvements, and cost savings from quantizing neural network parameters.

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Model Scaling Law Performance Calculator

Forecast training loss improvements when increasing dataset size using empirical scaling law parameters.

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Modular Scale Font Calculator - Harmonize Your Typography

Generate a harmonious set of heading and body font sizes using a modular scale. Enter a base size and ratio to see consistent typography.

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Mood Disorder Questionnaire (MDQ) Score Calculator

Screen for bipolar disorder symptoms using the Mood Disorder Questionnaire and interpret the results.

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Morse Code Translator - Convert Text and Morse

Translate text to Morse code and decode Morse back to letters instantly. Works offline in your browser for secure practice.

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Nanorobot Swarm Coverage Calculator - Estimate Scan Time

Estimate how long a swarm of nanorobots will take to cover a given area based on robot speed, sensing width and swarm size.

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NATO Phonetic Alphabet Converter - Text ↔ Code Words

Translate text to NATO phonetic alphabet words and decode them back to plain text.

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Net Worth Percentile Calculator - See Where You Rank

Estimate your position in the wealth distribution. Enter your household net worth to see which percentile you fall into based on U.S. survey data.

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Network Egress Cost Calculator - Cloud Bandwidth Fees

Estimate monthly network egress charges from major cloud providers for transferring data out of their platforms.

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Neural Network Memory Usage Calculator - Plan Training Requirements

Estimate how much GPU memory your neural network architecture will need by entering layers, parameters, and batch size.

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Noise Figure Calculator - Evaluate Cascaded Amplifier Chains

Estimate overall noise figure from stage gains and noise figures using the Friis formula.

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Nyquist Sampling Rate Calculator

Analyze the relationship between signal bandwidth and sampling rate, compute the Nyquist frequency, and explore aliasing.

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Oblique Shock Calculator - Theta-Beta-Mach Relations

Solve the theta-beta-Mach equation to find shock angle, downstream Mach number, and property ratios for supersonic flow over wedges.

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Ohm's Law Calculator - Voltage, Current, Resistance

Solve Ohm's law by entering any two of voltage, current, and resistance. Useful for electronics projects and circuit analysis.

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Omega Point Computation Capacity Calculator

Model the speculative computational power available as a closed universe collapses toward Tipler's Omega Point.

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Op-Amp Gain Calculator

Calculate the voltage gain and output of ideal operational amplifier configurations including inverting and non-inverting modes.

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Open Source License Compatibility Calculator - Check Project and Dependency Licenses

Determine whether two open source licenses can be combined in the same project using a simplified compatibility matrix.

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Operating Cash Flow Ratio Calculator

Evaluate short-term liquidity by comparing operating cash flow to current liabilities.

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Optimizer State Memory Calculator

Estimate VRAM required for parameters, gradients, and optimizer states for different optimizers.

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Overall Equipment Effectiveness Calculator - Measure Manufacturing Performance

Compute OEE using planned production time, downtime, ideal cycle time, total parts, and good parts to evaluate manufacturing efficiency.

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Overtime Pay Calculator - Compute Earnings with Overtime Rates

Determine total wages by entering hourly rate, regular hours, overtime, and double-time details.

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Paint Mixing Ratio Calculator - Achieve Consistent Colors

Calculate paint mixing ratios to blend custom colors with precision. Enter base colors and total volume to get exact measurements.

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Paperless Office Savings Calculator - Cut Printing Costs

Estimate how much money your business can save by switching from paper documents to digital workflows.

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PC Power Supply Calculator - Determine PSU Wattage

Estimate the wattage needed for your computer build. Enter CPU, GPU, and component power draw to see the recommended power supply size and learn tips for efficient builds.

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PCB Trace Width Calculator - Design Reliable Circuit Boards

Estimate the minimum copper trace width required for your printed circuit board based on current, copper thickness, and temperature rise. Learn about PCB design considerations and safe operating limits.

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Percent Error Calculator - Compare Experimental and True Values

Compute percent error between a measured value and a known or theoretical value. Useful for science labs and data analysis.

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Peukert Battery Discharge Calculator - Runtime from Current Draw

Estimate how long a lead-acid battery will last under various loads using Peukert's law.

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Phishing Risk Score Calculator - Assess Email Threats

Estimate how likely an email is to be a phishing attempt by checking for common red flags.

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Pipe Wall Thickness Calculator - Determine Minimum Thickness

Calculate required pipe wall thickness using internal pressure, diameter, allowable stress, and corrosion allowance.

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Pipeline Parallel Bubble Overhead Calculator

Model training pipeline bubble overhead and cost estimator.

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Plastic Footprint Reduction Calculator - Track and Reduce Waste

Calculate your annual plastic waste and see how small lifestyle changes can reduce your environmental impact. Perfect for eco-conscious households and sustainability advocates.

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Podcast Episode File Size Estimator - Plan Hosting Needs

Estimate the MP3 file size of your podcast based on bitrate and length. Helps with hosting and download planning.

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Podcast Listener Growth Forecast Calculator - Project Audience Size

Estimate how your podcast audience can grow week by week using new listener gains and retention.

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Podcast Release Schedule Planner - Stay on Track

Plan the ideal publication schedule for your podcast episodes and keep listeners engaged.

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Podcast Sponsorship Revenue Split Calculator - Estimate Host Earnings

See how much you and your network earn from each sponsored podcast episode. Enter downloads, CPM rate, and percentage share.

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Polynomial Regression Calculator - Fit Data with Least Squares

Fit a polynomial of chosen degree to data using least squares regression and view coefficients, predictions, and residuals.

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Pool Chlorine Shock Calculator - Clear Cloudy Water Fast

Calculate how much chlorine shock your swimming pool needs. Enter pool volume and current chlorine level to keep your water safe and sparkling clean.

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Power Converter - Watts, Horsepower, BTU/hr

Convert power values between watts, kilowatts, horsepower, BTUs per hour and more using this simple power converter.

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Power Factor Correction Calculator - Improve Electrical Efficiency

Find out how much reactive power you need to add with capacitors to reach your target power factor. Enter real power, apparent power, line voltage, and desired power factor.

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Prandtl Number Calculator - Momentum to Thermal Diffusivity Ratio

Calculate the Prandtl number from viscosity, specific heat, and thermal conductivity to gauge relative thickness of velocity and thermal boundary layers.

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Prandtl-Meyer Expansion Calculator

Compute flow deflection and final Mach number for isentropic expansion of a supersonic stream.

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Prompt Caching Savings Calculator

Estimate token cost and latency savings by caching repeated prompts and completions when serving large language models.

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PTO Accrual Calculator - Track Paid Time Off Growth

Estimate your future paid time off balance with our PTO Accrual Calculator. Enter your current hours, accrual rate, and usage to plan vacations with confidence.

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QR Code Data Capacity Calculator - Determine Minimum Version

Estimate the smallest QR code version required for your data length, type, and error correction level.

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Quantum Annealing Qubit Requirement Calculator

Estimate physical qubits needed to embed a problem on a quantum annealer using variable count, graph density, and chain length.

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Quantum Circuit Depth Estimator - Gauge Algorithm Duration

Approximate the execution time of a quantum circuit from gate counts and operation times.

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Quantum Dot Band Gap Calculator - Predict Size Dependent Energy Levels

Estimate the band gap of a semiconductor quantum dot based on its radius using a simple effective-mass approximation.

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Quantum Error Rate Estimator - Predict Circuit Fidelity

Estimate the overall error probability of a quantum algorithm given per-gate error rates and the number of operations.

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Quantum Key Distribution Secure Distance Calculator

Estimate the maximum secure fiber length for quantum key distribution using loss, detector efficiency, dark counts, and QBER threshold.

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Quick Ratio (Acid-Test) Calculator

Calculate the quick ratio to measure immediate liquidity without relying on inventory.

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Radar Range Calculator - Radar Equation Tool

Determine the maximum detection range of a radar system using transmitter power, antenna gain, wavelength, target cross-section, and system losses.

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RAID Storage Capacity Calculator - Determine Usable Space & Fault Tolerance

Compute usable capacity and drive fault tolerance for RAID levels 0,1,5,6,10 with this client-side RAID storage calculator.

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Rainfall Runoff Calculator - Estimate Stormwater Flow

Use the Rational Method to calculate peak runoff from rainfall intensity, drainage area, and runoff coefficient. Learn about stormwater management and design considerations.

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Rainwater Harvest System Sizer - Capture and Store Precious Water

Calculate the potential amount of rainwater you can collect and size a storage tank based on daily usage. Input roof area, rainfall, efficiency, water demand, and desired days of reserve.

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Random Name Generator

Generate random first and last name combinations for placeholder data, characters, or testing.

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Random Number Generator - Create Numbers for Any Range

Generate random numbers locally without contacting any server. Choose your range and quantity for quick results in the browser.

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Random Team Generator - Fair Group Assignment

Shuffle a list of names into evenly sized teams with this client-side randomizer.

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Rational Method Peak Runoff Calculator - Stormwater Design Aid

Compute peak discharge using Q = CiA for small drainage basins and explore runoff coefficients for various surfaces.

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RC Circuit Charging Calculator

Estimate capacitor voltage and current over time for charging or discharging in an RC circuit using resistance, capacitance, and supply values.

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RC Time Constant Calculator - Predict Capacitor Charge and Discharge

Calculate the time constant of a resistor-capacitor circuit and learn how it affects voltage rise and fall. Great for electronics hobbyists and engineers.

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Remote Interview Schedule Optimizer - Coordinate Across Time Zones

Find the best meeting times for remote interviews. Enter time zones and availability to calculate overlapping windows.

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Remote Team Overlap Hours Calculator - Plan Working Times

Calculate the daily hours two or more remote team members have in common to schedule meetings effectively.

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Resistivity Temperature Coefficient Calculator

Estimate how a material's electrical resistivity changes with temperature using a linear temperature coefficient.

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Resistor Color Code Calculator - Decode 4-Band Resistors

Use this resistor color code calculator to quickly determine resistance values from four colored bands. Includes a thorough guide to interpreting electronic color codes for hobbyists and engineers.

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Resistor Network Calculator - Series and Parallel Equivalent

Compute equivalent resistance for up to five resistors wired in series or parallel and estimate current for an optional supply voltage.

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Return on Ad Spend Calculator - Measure ROAS for Marketing Campaigns

Estimate the revenue efficiency of advertising campaigns by dividing total revenue by ad spend using this interactive Return on Ad Spend (ROAS) Calculator.

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Return on Capital Employed Calculator - Evaluate Operational Efficiency

Compute return on capital employed from EBIT and capital employed to assess how productively a business uses long-term funding.

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RGB & HSL Color Converter

Convert between RGB and HSL color spaces and learn how the models relate with formulas, examples, and a detailed primer on color theory.

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RLC Circuit Damping Calculator

Analyze damping behavior in a series RLC circuit by computing natural frequency, damping ratio, and response classification.

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RLHF Preference Data Cost Calculator

Project the time and expense of collecting human preference comparisons for RLHF training.

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Robot Arm Torque Calculator - Estimate Payload Requirements

Compute the torque a robotic arm needs to lift a payload based on arm length, load mass, and operating angle. Learn how mechanical factors influence robot design.

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Robot Pet Battery Life Planner - Keep Companions Powered

Estimate how long your robot pet's battery will last using capacity, daily play time, and power mode. A fun tool for futuristic households and hobbyists.

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Robot Sidekick Maintenance Schedule Calculator - Keep Your Bot In Tiptop Shape

Plan routine maintenance for a robotic companion, factoring in usage hours and special upgrades. A quirky tool for sci-fi enthusiasts and tinkerers.

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Roko's Basilisk Expected Utility Calculator

Weigh the speculative costs and benefits of supporting a hypothetical future basilisk AI.

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Router Reboot Reminder Planner

Suggest a router reboot interval based on device load and firmware age.

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SAD Daylight Planner - Combat Seasonal Affective Disorder

Estimate how much daily sunlight you should seek based on latitude and time of year to help manage Seasonal Affective Disorder.

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Satellite Dish Alignment Calculator - Find Azimuth and Elevation

Determine the azimuth and elevation angles needed to align a satellite dish toward a specific satellite.

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Satellite Orbit Decay Time Calculator - Estimate LEO Lifespans

Approximate how long a satellite will remain in low Earth orbit before atmospheric drag causes it to re-enter using a simplified ballistic coefficient model.

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SCOFF Eating Disorder Screener - Quick Assessment Tool

Answer five SCOFF questions to evaluate possible symptoms of anorexia or bulimia and decide if you should seek professional advice.

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Section 179 Deduction Calculator

Estimate your allowable Section 179 deduction, bonus depreciation and remaining basis for business equipment purchases.

Security Camera Storage Calculator - Plan Hard Drive Requirements

Estimate the storage space your CCTV system needs by entering camera bitrate, recording hours, and retention days. Learn tips for managing video footage efficiently.

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Server Downtime Cost Calculator - Evaluate Outage Impact

Estimate revenue and productivity losses when a critical system goes offline.

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Server Uptime Probability Calculator

Estimate the probability that a server stays operational given MTBF and MTTR values. Useful for reliability engineering.

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Shannon-Hartley Channel Capacity Calculator - Data Rate Limits

Estimate theoretical channel capacity from bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio.

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Sheet Pile Embedment Depth Calculator - Cantilever Wall

Estimate the required embedment depth and total length of a cantilever sheet pile retaining wall in homogeneous soil.

Shockley Diode Equation Calculator

Evaluate current and dynamic resistance of a p-n diode using the Shockley diode equation.

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Shoe Size Converter - Compare International Footwear Sizes

Convert shoe sizes between US, UK, EU, and Japan measurements with this convenient tool. Enter your current size and instantly see equivalents across regions.

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Simulation Argument Probability Calculator

Estimate the credence that our reality is a computer simulation using Bostrom-style reasoning.

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Skewness and Kurtosis Calculator - Analyze Data Symmetry

Compute sample skewness and kurtosis to assess distribution shape.

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Smartphone Sensor Battery Drain Calculator

Estimate daily battery consumption from active smartphone sensors and sampling durations.

Smartphone Trade-In Value Estimator

Estimate the current trade-in value of your smartphone by accounting for depreciation and cosmetic condition.

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Smartwatch Battery Life Comparison Calculator - Choose the Best Wearable

Compare two smartwatches by estimating daily battery life based on capacity and power draw.

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Snowboard Wax Duration Calculator - Keep Your Ride Fast

Estimate how many days your snowboard wax will last based on conditions and mileage.

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Social Media Engagement Rate Calculator - Measure Audience Interaction

Compute engagement rates from likes, comments, and shares. Compare current and previous posts to visualize trends.

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Social Security Break-Even Age Calculator

Compare claiming ages to find the break-even point where delaying Social Security yields more lifetime benefits.

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Social Security Spousal Benefit Calculator - Compare Own vs Spousal Claim

Estimate Social Security spousal benefits and compare them to your own retirement benefit based on claiming age and full retirement age.

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Software License Cost-Benefit Calculator - Evaluate ROI

Compare software license expenses with productivity gains to determine if commercial tools are worth it.

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Solar-Powered IoT Sensor Duty Cycle Calculator

Balance solar energy harvest and device consumption to plan sustainable duty cycles.

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Solenoid Inductance Calculator - Coil Design Helper

Estimate the inductance of a solenoid from turns, coil dimensions and core properties using the classic formula L = μ0 μr N^2 A / l.

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Sourdough Starter Feeding Calculator - Maintain Perfect Hydration

Determine the exact flour and water needed to feed your sourdough starter for consistent growth and flavor.

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Spring Network Calculator - Equivalent Spring Constant

Determine the equivalent spring constant for up to five springs in series or parallel and estimate extension under a given force.

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Standard Deviation Calculator - Measure Data Spread

Compute the mean and standard deviation of a set of numbers to understand variation.

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Starlink Data Usage Cost Calculator - Satellite Internet Budget Tool

Estimate monthly Starlink bandwidth use and overage costs from your streaming, gaming, and video call hours.

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Startup Equity Dilution Calculator – Visualize Founder Ownership

Visualize equity dilution and founder ownership across funding rounds with our interactive calculator. Perfect for startups raising seed, Series A, and beyond.

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Stopwatch Utility - Measure Elapsed Time with Laps

Simple stopwatch utility with lap tracking and detailed explanation of time measurement.

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Streaming Schedule Optimizer - Find Prime Time Slots

Calculate optimal streaming start times based on viewer time zones and your availability.

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Streaming Subscriber Goal Tracker - Forecast Channel Growth

Project how long it will take to hit your next subscriber milestone based on current numbers and average monthly growth.

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Subnet Calculator - Determine Network Details

Calculate network, broadcast, and host information from any IPv4 address and prefix length with this browser-based subnet calculator.

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Subreddit Growth Forecast Calculator - Predict Subscriber Milestones

Estimate how quickly your subreddit could grow by modeling daily subscriber gains and audience saturation.

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Sustainable Growth Rate Calculator - Balance Expansion with Earnings

Estimate the sustainable growth rate from return on equity and retained earnings to gauge how fast a company can grow without new capital.

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Synesthetic Text Colorizer - Paint Words with Grapheme Hues

Transform any text into a spectrum based on common grapheme-color synesthesia associations. Designers and educators can explore how letters and numbers appear to synesthetes.

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Synthetic Data Generation ROI Calculator

Compare cost and time of collecting real data versus generating synthetic data to reach a target dataset size.

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Synthetic Division Calculator - Fast Polynomial Division

Perform synthetic division of polynomials by (x - c). Enter coefficients and divisor to obtain quotient and remainder instantly.

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Tetration Calculator

Evaluate power towers like a^^b for small integer heights.

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Time Zone Meeting Planner - Find Overlapping Hours

Plan meetings across multiple time zones with this browser-based meeting planner. Enter working hours for each location to discover the best overlap without sending data to external servers.

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Tokenization Efficiency Loss Calculator

Estimate wasted tokens and additional cost stemming from suboptimal tokenization.

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Tone Generator - Create Custom Audio Frequencies

Generate sine, square, triangle, or sawtooth tones in your browser with adjustable frequency and volume.

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Torque Converter Efficiency Calculator - Measure Power Transfer

Calculate the efficiency of a torque converter using input and output RPM values along with slip.

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Torque to Horsepower Calculator - Convert Twist to Work

Convert engine torque and RPM to horsepower or kilowatts. Learn how torque relates to power output and why both values matter for vehicles and machinery.

Torque Unit Converter - From Newton Meters to Pound Feet

Convert torque between newton meters, pound feet, and inch pounds with this interactive tool.

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Torque Wrench Calibration Calculator - Verify Accurate Fastening

Check the accuracy of your torque wrench by comparing applied torque to measured bolt preload.

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Transformer Turns Ratio Calculator - Predict Secondary Voltage

Calculate the secondary voltage of an ideal transformer from the number of turns on each coil and the primary voltage. Learn how electromagnetic induction links turns ratio to voltage ratio.

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Transistor Bias Resistor Calculator - Set Base Current

Estimate the base resistor needed to bias a BJT transistor using supply voltage, desired collector current, and transistor gain.

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Two-Stroke Fuel Mix Calculator - Gas to Oil Ratio Helper

Determine precise oil quantities for two-stroke engines based on desired gas-to-oil ratios and fuel volume.

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UPS Runtime Calculator - Estimate Backup Battery Duration

Determine how long your uninterruptible power supply will run during an outage using battery capacity, load wattage, and inverter efficiency.

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URL Encoder & Decoder Tool - Encode or Decode Links Instantly

Easily encode or decode URLs in your browser with this client-side tool. Perfect for developers and marketers who need quick conversions without network requests.

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UUID/GUID Generator Tool - Create Unique Identifiers

Generate UUIDs instantly with this online UUID/GUID generator. Ideal for developers needing client-side unique identifiers.

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Video File Size Calculator - Plan Storage for Recordings

Estimate the storage space needed for a video by entering duration and bitrate. Learn how resolution and compression affect size.

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Video Render Time Estimator - Plan Your Editing Workflow

Estimate video rendering time by entering project length, frame rate, and per-frame render speed. Optimize your editing process with realistic time expectations.

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Video Streaming Data Usage Calculator - Plan for Data Caps

Estimate how much data your streaming habits consume each month. Enter video quality, hours watched, and devices to manage your internet plan.

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Vigenère Cipher Encoder/Decoder - Polyalphabetic Substitution

Encode or decode text with the classic Vigenère cipher using a customizable key, all processed locally in your browser.

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Virtual Event Attendance Estimator - Predict Online Participation

Estimate how many registrants will actually attend your virtual seminar or webinar based on marketing and reminder strategy.

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Virtual Meeting Carbon Footprint Calculator - Measure Digital Emissions

Estimate the carbon emissions generated by video meetings based on duration, participants, and video quality.

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Virtual Server Cost Calculator - Estimate Cloud Hosting Expenses

Calculate monthly costs for cloud servers based on CPU, memory, storage and bandwidth usage. Plan your budget for virtual machines with this easy tool.

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VM vs Container Cost Calculator - Optimize Deployment Expenses

Compare the monthly cost of running applications on virtual machines versus containers. Determine which approach saves money.

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Voltage Divider Calculator - Resistive Attenuation Tool

Determine output voltage from a simple resistor divider. Explore how ratios affect signal levels and bias points.

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VSWR and Return Loss Calculator

Compute reflection coefficient, standing wave ratio, and return loss from line and load impedances.

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Warehouse Storage Capacity Calculator - Optimize Space for Inventory

Estimate how many pallets or cubic feet your warehouse can hold based on its dimensions and aisle layout.

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Water Hardness Conversion Calculator - PPM, GPG, and dH Units

Convert water hardness between parts per million, grains per gallon, and German degrees. Learn about hardness levels and how to soften water.

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Wheatstone Bridge Balance Calculator

Compute the unknown resistance in a Wheatstone bridge using three known resistors under the balance condition.

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Wheelchair Ramp Slope Calculator - Determine Safe Incline and Length

Enter rise height and preferred slope ratio to compute a wheelchair ramp length that meets accessibility guidelines. Learn how ramp angle, materials, and landings affect usability.

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Wi-Fi Channel Overlap Calculator - Evaluate 2.4 GHz Interference

Enter two 2.4 GHz Wi-Fi channel numbers to estimate their frequency overlap and interference risk.

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Wi-Fi Wall Attenuation Calculator

Estimate signal strength after passing through walls of different materials using typical attenuation values.

Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test Calculator - Paired Differences

Compute the Wilcoxon signed-rank test for matched pairs and learn how it evaluates median differences.

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Wildlife Corridor Planner - Support Safe Migration

Calculate recommended corridor width and area to help wildlife move between habitats.

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Working Capital Turnover Calculator

Compute working capital turnover by comparing net sales to average working capital, complete with detailed explanation and interpretation.

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XIRR Calculator - Internal Rate of Return for Irregular Cash Flows

Estimate the annualized internal rate of return for cash flows occurring on arbitrary dates using the XIRR method.

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XML Formatter & Validator - Pretty Print and Check XML

Format XML with indentation and validate well-formedness directly in your browser.

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XML to JSON Converter Tool - Transform XML Data Easily

Convert XML documents to JSON format right in your browser with this offline XML to JSON converter.

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Z-Transform Calculator - Analyze Discrete Signals

Compute the Z-transform of a finite sequence at a complex point.

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Zener Diode Voltage Regulator Calculator - Design Simple Shunt Regulators

Determine output voltage, load current, and zener dissipation for a basic zener diode regulator. Enter source voltage, zener voltage, series resistance, and load.

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